History Timeline of New Mexico's Rich Heritage
New Mexico has a long and rich history that begins thousands of years ago. Native American tribes like the Pueblo, Navajo, and Apache lived in the region long before Europeans arrived. In 1540, Spanish explorer Francisco Vásquez de Coronado led the first European expedition into the area. By 1598, Spain had established the first permanent European settlement.
Deepak Kumar
15 events
Calf Canyon Fire becomes largest in state history
The Calf Canyon Fire merged with the Hermits Peak Fire, creating the largest wildfire in New Mexico's history, burning over 298,000 acres and highlighting the increasing wildfire risks due to climate change.
New Mexico extends ban on oil and gas leasing near Chaco Park
New Mexico Land Commissioner extended a ban on new oil and gas leasing on state land around Chaco Culture National Historical Park for 20 years, protecting an area sacred to Native Americans.
Deb Haaland becomes first Native American U.S. Cabinet Secretary
Deb Haaland, a member of the Laguna Pueblo, was sworn in as the U.S. Secretary of the Interior, making history as the first Native American to serve in a U.S. Cabinet position.
First atomic bomb tested in New Mexico
The Trinity Test, the first detonation of a nuclear weapon, was conducted in the New Mexico desert. This event marked the beginning of the atomic age.
New Mexico achieves statehood
After decades as a U.S. territory, New Mexico was admitted as the 47th state of the United States, gaining full representation and rights within the union.
University of New Mexico established in Albuquerque
The University of New Mexico was founded in Albuquerque, becoming the state's flagship institution for higher education and contributing significantly to its academic and cultural development.
New Mexico becomes a U.S. territory
As part of the Compromise of 1850, New Mexico was organized as a U.S. territory, setting the stage for its eventual statehood.
U.S. gains control after Mexican-American War
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War, resulting in Mexico ceding New Mexico to the United States. This marked a significant territorial expansion for the U.S.
Mexico gains independence; New Mexico becomes a Mexican province
Following Mexico's independence from Spain, New Mexico transitioned from a Spanish colony to a Mexican province, altering its administrative and political affiliations.
Santa Fe Trail opens, boosting trade
The Santa Fe Trail was established, creating a commercial route between Missouri and Santa Fe. This facilitated trade and cultural exchange between the United States and Mexico.
Pueblo Revolt temporarily expels Spanish
The Pueblo people orchestrated a successful revolt against Spanish colonizers, driving them out of the region for 12 years. This was a significant assertion of Indigenous resistance and autonomy.
Santa Fe established as capital of New Mexico
The Spanish founded Santa Fe, making it the capital of the province of New Mexico. It remains the oldest capital city in the United States.
Oñate's La Toma establishes Spanish rule
Juan de Oñate formally claimed New Mexico for Spain through the act known as "La Toma." This declaration initiated Spanish colonial governance and the spread of Christianity among Indigenous populations.
Coronado's expedition claims New Mexico for Spain
Spanish explorer Francisco Vázquez de Coronado led an expedition into the region, claiming the territory for Spain. This marked the beginning of Spanish interest and eventual colonization efforts in the area.
First human settlements in New Mexico
Archaeological evidence indicates that humans began settling in what is now New Mexico around 9200 BC. These early inhabitants developed complex societies, leaving behind artifacts and structures that provide insight into their cultures and lifestyles.
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